Vietnamese uses 22 letters of the ISO basic Latin alphabet. For the distinction between, / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). On the other hand, sound changes in the spoken language have led to different letters, digraphs and trigraphs now representing the same sounds. The Vietnamese system's use of diacritics produces an accurate transcription for tones despite the limitations of the Roman alphabet. nhất meaning 'first'), makes it easy to distinguish the Vietnamese orthography from other writing systems that use the Latin script. The complex vowel system and the large number of letters with diacritics, which can stack twice on the same letter (e.g. There are an additional five diacritics used to designate tone (as in ⟨à⟩, ⟨á⟩, ⟨ả⟩, ⟨ã⟩, and ⟨ạ⟩). The Vietnamese alphabet contains 29 letters, including seven letters using four diacritics: ⟨ă⟩, ⟨â⟩, ⟨ê⟩, ⟨ô⟩, ⟨ơ⟩, ⟨ư⟩, and ⟨đ⟩. It uses the Latin script based on Romance languages originally developed by Portuguese missionary Francisco de Pina (1585–1625). The Vietnamese alphabet ( Vietnamese: chữ Quốc ngữ, lit.'script of the National language') is the modern Latin writing script or writing system for romanized Vietnamese. Bahnar alphabet, Cham alphabet, Nùng alphabet, Tày alphabet
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